From: Learning curve of trans-sacral epiduroscopic laser decompression in herniated lumbar disc disease
 | Early group (n = 20) | Late group (n = 62) | OR or difference | 95% CI | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 41.15 ± 15.44 | 40.43 ± 15.43 | − 0.72 ± 4.82 | − 9.030–10.480 | 0.882†|
Male ratio | 14 (70.0%) | 38 (61.3%) | 1.750 | 0.482–6.351 | 0.520‡ |
Smoking status | 7 (35.0%) | 19 (30.6%) | 0.743 | 0.199–2.779 | 0.658‡ |
Alcohol consumption (g/week) | 0.42 (95% CI 0.08–0.76) | 0.43 (95% CI 0.097–0.761) | 0.01 ± 0.23 | − 0.469–0.452 | 0.820§ |
Height (cm) | 170.67 ± 11.37 | 168.32 ± 9.17 | 2.35 ± 3.22 | − 4.163–8.885 | 0.470†|
Weight (kg) | 68.92 ± 15.86 | 70.04 ± 11.81 | 1.12 ± 4.35 | − 9.926–7.680 | 0.798†|
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.46 ± 3.72 | 24.79 ± 4.22 | 1.33 ± 1.25 | − 3.847–1.191 | 0.293†|
Diabetes | 1 (5.0%) | 5 (8.1%) | 2.000 | 0.617–23.960 | 0.578‡ |
Hypertension | 3 (15.0%) | 15 (24.2%) | 2.267 | 0.481–10.680 | 0.294‡ |
Previous block | 9 (45.0%) | 39 (62.9%) | 3.056 | 0.838–11.136 | 0.086‡ |
Trauma history | 3 (15.0%) | 9 (14.5%) | 0.944 | 0.167–5.339 | 0.948‡ |
Symptom duration (weeks) | 3.87 (95% CI 1.84–5.90) | 1.63 (95% CI 0.67–2.60) | 2.24 ± 1.06 | 0.949–4.378 | 0.092§ |
Dominant symptom, back pain/leg pain | 8/12 | 18/44 | 2.133 | 0.556–8.187 | 0.265‡ |