Fig. 1
From: A case report of severe degenerative lumbar scoliosis associated with windswept lower limb deformity
Standing whole length X-ray films before operation. The A-P film shows her main thoracolumbar (TL) curve Cobb is 72.5° (between T10-L3) while lumbosacral (LS) semi-curve Cobb (between L3-S1) is 44.9°. The length of left leg is 66.5 cm that is 2.5 cm longer than right leg (64.1 cm). The leg length discrepancy leads to pelvic obliquity with the pelvic tilt (Pt) angle is 7.1° (left higher than right). And L5 tile (L5t) angle is 21.9°. The coronal balance measured as distance between C7 centre point to CSVL is 0 at this time. The mechanical axis (brown dashed) shows the valgus leg in left side and the varus leg in right side. The bowed long bone deformities are shown in both legs. The lateral film (right side) shows her Pelvic incidence (PI) is 41°, sacral slope (SS) 37.3°, lumbar lordosis (LL) 46.5°, thoracic kyphosis (TK) 15.2° and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) 1.5 cm. Those parameters show her sagittal balance is good