Table 5 Baseline characteristics of the development and validation set
Factors | Subgroup | development set (n = 247) No of patient (%) | Validation set(n = 61) No of patient (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | ≥ 60 | 140 (56.7) | 18 (29.5) |
<  60 | 107 (43.3) | 43 (70.5) | |
Gender | Male | 152 (61.5) | 47 (77.0) |
Female | 95 (38.5) | 14 (23.0) | |
Diabetes | Yes | 34 (13.8) | 7 (11.5) |
No | 213 (86.2) | 54 (88.5) | |
Albumin | ≥ 30 | 234 (94.7) | 60 (98.4) |
<  30 | 13 (5.3) | 1 (1.6) | |
Surgery | PPPD | 52 (21.1) | 15 (24.6) |
PrPD | 195 (78.9) | 46 (75.4) | |
Anastomosis | PG | 142 (57.5) | 35 (57.4) |
PO | 105 (42.5) | 26 (42.6) | |
Biliary leakage | Yes | 19 (7.7) | 1 (1.6) |
No | 228 (92.3) | 60 (98.4) | |
Pancreatic fistula | Yes | 51 (20.6) | 11 (18.0) |
No | 196 (79.4) | 50 (82.0) | |
Bleeding | Yes | 10 (4.0) | 0 (0) |
No | 237 (96.0) | 61 (100) | |
Abdominal infection | Yes | 67 (27.1) | 10 (16.4) |
No | 180 (72.9) | 51 (83.6) | |
PBD | No | 11 (4.5) | 6 (9.8) |
Yes | 236 (95.5) | 55 (90.2) | |
Operation time | ≥ 6 h | 233 (94.3) | 60 (98.4) |
<  6 h | 14 (5.7) | 1 (1.6) | |
SDGE | Yes | 27 (10.9) | 6 (9.8) |
No | 220 (89.1) | 55 (90.2) |