Table 1 Analysis of potential factors as predictors of postoperative HA

  Male

29

62

1

  Female

32

40

0.604

0.317–1.149

0.124

 Age (years)^a

59.6 ± 8.5

56.6 ± 9.7

1.036

1.000–1.074

0.051

  Yes

16

31

1

  No

45

71

0.621

0.284–1.357

0.232

BMI(kg/m²)^a

21.6 ± 3.1

21.6 ± 3.3

1.000

0.884–1.131

0.996

  No

58

97

1

  Yes

3

5

1.021

0.235–4.433

0.978

  No

59

98

1

  Yes

2

4

0.845

0.150–4.757

0.848

  No

42

57

1

  Yes

19

45

1.021

0.235–4.433

0.978

  No

58

94

1

  Yes

3

8

0.618

0.158–2.427

0.491

  No

58

97

1

  Yes

3

5

0.276

0.046–1.638

0.157

 Preoperative ALB usage ^a(g)

14.7 ± 4.2

34.5 ± 9.4

0.999

0.975–1.023

0.910

 WBC(× 10⁹/L)^a

6.6 ± 2.3

6.3 ± 2.1

1.074

0.926–1.247

0.346

 NEUT(×10⁹/L)^a

4.6 ± 2.0

4.3 ± 1.9

1.087

0.923–1.280

0.319

 LYMP(×10⁹/L)^a

1.2 ± 0.5

1.4 ± 0.6

0.631

0.337–1.182

0.151

 CRP (mg/L) ^a

16.1 ± 5.4

19.7 ± 7.6

1.011

0.968–1.056

0.617

 RBC (× 10¹²/L)^a

3.8 ± 0.5

3.9 ± 0.6

0.720

0.402–1.290

0.270

 Hb(g/L)^a

116.3 ± 17.6

119.8 ± 19.4

0.990

0.973–1.007

0.263

 HCT(%)^a

33.6 ± 4.9

36.7 ± 4.6

0.863

0.719–1.035

0.112

 PLT (×10⁹/L)^a

206.7 ± 90.4

224.6 ± 94.6

0.998

0.994–1.002

0.247

 PT(s)^a

11.5 ± 1.7

11.3 ± 1.6

1.089

0.891–1.330

0.406

 APTT(s)^a

28.2 ± 4.7

27.4 ± 4.9

1.032

0.964–1.104

0.371

 TT(s)^a

19.8 ± 2.9

19.4 ± 2.5

1.062

0.937–1.203

0.346

 INR^a

0.9 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.2

1.763

0.180–7.228

0.626

 ALT (U/L) ^a

112.3 ± 95.2

162.3 ± 78.8

0.997

0.995–1.000

0.057

 AST (U/L) ^a

96.0 ± 65.1

115.6 ± 94.7

0.997

0.993–1.001

0.165

 ALP (U/L) ^a

509.3 ± 390.1

498.4 ± 374.0

1.000

0.999–1.001

0.861

  No

34

76

1

  Yes

27

26

2.214

1.117–4.390

0.023

0.997

0.267–3.720

0.997

 TP (g/L) ^a

59.4 ± 2.8

61.7 ± 6.0

0.905

0.755–1.084

0.279

  No

25

26

1

  Yes

36

76

0.480

0.241–0.955

0.037

0.447

0.210–0.952

0.037

 GLB (g/L) ^a

25.7 ± 3.5

24.9 ± 3.7

1.062

0.853–1.323

0.588

 PA (mg/L) ^a

201.8 ± 95.9

187.2 ± 71.7

1.002

0.997–1.007

0.366

 AMY (U/L) ^a

85.0 ± 59.2

145.6 ± 106.3

0.996

0.988–1.004

0.347

 CA19–9 (U/mL)^a

648.5 ± 133.7

622.8 ± 147.2

1.000

1.000–1.000

0.941

  Distal common bile duct

18

17(16.7)

1

0.262

  Duodenal papilla

17(27.9)

32(31.4)

0.472

0.193–1.155

0.100

  Pancreatic head

21(34.4)

41(40.2)

0.561

0.234–1.342

0.194

  Ampullary

5(8.2)

12(11.8)

0.747

0.557–1.003

0.052

 Operation time (h) ^a

7.6 ± 1.5

7.8 ± 1.7

0.923

0.754–1.129

0.435

 Estimated Blood loss(ml) ^a

591.5 ± 451.2

497.4 ± 311.1

1.001

1.000–1.002

0.128

 pRBC transfusion (U) ^a

1.7 ± 0.6

1.5 ± 0.5

1.081

0.881–1.325

0.455

 Plasma transfusion(ml)

237.5 ± 80.3

132.8 ± 50.9

1.002

1.000–1.004

0.009

1.002

1.000–1.003

0.057

 Total liquid volume(ml)

5829.2 ± 1431.7

6171.3 ± 1544.2

1.000

1.000–1.000

0.275

 Ratio of crystal fluid/colloid fluid

1.8 ± 0.5

2.3 ± 0.6

0.219

0.046–1.040

0.056

  Soft

36

58

1

  Hard

25

44

0.603

0.322–1.129

0.114

  No

27

25

1

1

  Yes

34

77

0.425

0.215–0.839

0.014

0.819

0.369–1.815

0.622

 PJ-R Type

  IPJ (external stenting)

49

81

1

0.219

  DMPJ (external stenting)

0

2

–

–

–

  DMPJ (internal stenting)

4

14

1.189

0.449–3.152

0.728

  IPJ (no stenting)

5

4

5.833

0.953–7.717

0.056

  IPJ (internal stenting)

3

1

1.460

0.914–2.330

0.113

  No

60

100

1

  Yes

1

2

1.180

0.105–3.296

0.893

  R0^b

53

91

1

0.697

  R1

5

5

1.692

0.468–6.124

0.423

  R2

3

6

1.046

0.559–1.956

0.889

  Adenocarcinoma

59(96.7)

85(83.3)

1

0.949

  Mucinous adenocarcinoma

0(0)

5(4.9)

–

–

–

  Inflammation mass

2

10

0.754

0.565–1.005

0.054

  Sarcoma

0

1

–

–

–

  Retention cyst

0

1

–

–

–

  Inflammation

2

11

1

0.570

  High

26

45

0.900

0.356–2.274

0.824

  Moderate

23

27

1.033

0.592–3.974

0.379

  Poor

10

19

1.167

0.758–1.797

0.484

  0

28

61

1

0.262

1

0.173

  I

11

25

0.472

0.193–1.155

0.100

0.620

0.105–3.656

0.597

  II

12

6

0.561

0.234–1.342

0.194

1.127

0.179—7.085

0.899

  IIIa

2

5

3.765

0.897–9.296

0.067

1.582

0.316–7.927

0.577

  IIIb

2

4

3.351

1.641–6.845

0.001

4.317

1.479–12.602

0.007

  IVa

2

0

–

–

–

–

–

–

  IVb

0

0

–

–

–

–

–

–

  V

4

1

1.654

1.186–2.306

0.003

1.605

1.097–2.349

0.015