From: A novel nomogram to predict the risk of anastomotic leakage in patients after oesophagectomy
Characteristics | AL | Non- AL | Population |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 79, n%) | (n = 251, n%) | (n = 330, n%) | |
Sex | |||
male | 68 (86.08) | 195 (77.69) | 263 (79.70) |
female | 11 (13.92) | 56 (22.31) | 67 (20.30) |
Age (years) | |||
< 65 | 49 (62.03) | 144 (57.37) | 193 (58.48) |
≥ 65 and < 75 | 27 (34.18) | 93 (37.05) | 120 (36.36) |
≥ 75 | 3 (3.80) | 14 (5.58) | 17 (5.15) |
Pathology | |||
squamous | 78 (98.73) | 243 (96.81) | 321 (97.27) |
adenocarcinoma | 1 (1.27) | 8 (3.19) | 9 (2.73) |
Pathologic tumour stage | |||
Stage 0 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Stage I | 9 (11.39) | 51 (20.32) | 60 (18.18) |
Stage II | 36 (45.57) | 109 (43.43) | 145 (43.94) |
Stage III | 32 (40.51) | 86 (34.26) | 118 (35.76) |
Stage IV | 2 (2.53) | 5 (1.99) | 7 (2.12) |
Surgery method | |||
robot | 27 (34.18) | 84 (33.47) | 111 (33.64) |
thoracoscopy | 31 (39.24) | 122 (48.61) | 153 (46.36) |
open | 21 (26.58) | 45 (17.93) | 66 (20) |
HBP | 7 (8.86) | 21 (8.37) | 28 (8.48) |
DM | 12 (15.19) | 20 (7.97) | 32 (9.70) |
CHD | 3 (3.80) | 3 (1.20) | 6 (1.82) |
Smoking | 12 (15.19) | 14 (5.58) | 26 (7.88) |
nCRT | 13 (16.46) | 28 (11.16) | 41 (12.42) |
Location | |||
upper | 10 (12.66) | 32 (12.75) | 42 (12.73) |
middle | 47 (59.49) | 163 (64.94) | 210 (63.64) |
lower | 22 (27.85) | 56 (22.31) | 78 (23.64) |
BMI (kg/m2) | |||
< 18.5 | 7 (8.86) | 16 (6.37) | 23 (6.97) |
≥ 18.5 and <24 | 39 (49.37) | 148 (58.96) | 187 (56.67) |
≥ 24 and <28 | 27 (34.18) | 77 (30.68) | 104 (31.52) |
≥ 28 | 6 (7.59) | 10 (3.98) | 16 (4.85) |
ASA | |||
I | 1 (1.27) | 5 (1.99) | 6 (1.82) |
II | 69 (87.34) | 222 (88.45) | 291 (88.18) |
III | 9 (11.39) | 24 (9.56) | 33 (10) |
Blood (≥400 ml) | 3 (3.80) | 11 (4.38) | 14 (4.24) |
Surgery time (min) | |||
< 180 | 2 (2.53) | 12 (4.78) | 14 (4.24) |
≥ 180 and 300 | 50 (63.29) | 174 (69.32) | 224 (67.88) |
≥ 300 | 27 (34.18) | 65 (25.90) | 92 (27.88) |
Thoracic surgery time | |||
< 60 | 9 (11.39) | 25 (9.96) | 34 (10.30) |
≥ 60 and < 120 | 49 (62.03) | 168 (66.93) | 217 (65.76) |
≥ 120 | 21 (26.58) | 58 (23.11) | 79 (23.94) |
Transfer | 6 (7.59) | 10 (3.98) | 16 (4.85) |
Anastomotic type | |||
stapled | 44 (55.70) | 186 (74.10) | 230 (69.70) |
hand-sewn | 35 (44.30) | 65 (25.90) | 100 (30.30) |
Route reconstruction | |||
retrosternal | 44 (55.70) | 80 (31.87) | 124 (37.58) |
posterior mediastinum | 35 (44.30) | 171 (68.13) | 206 (62.42) |
Cardiac ultrasound | |||
abnormal | 23 (29.11) | 68 (27.09) | 91 (27.58) |
TP (g/L) | |||
< 65 | 8 (10.13) | 18 (7.17) | 26 (7.88) |
≥ 65 | 71 (89.87) | 233 (92.83) | 304 (92.12) |
ALB (g/L) | |||
< 35 | 5 (6.33) | 7 (2.79) | 12 (3.64) |
≥ 35 | 74 (93.67) | 244 (97.21) | 318 (96.36) |
PAB (g/L) | |||
< 0.2 | 11 (13.92) | 38 (15.14) | 49 (14.85) |
≥ 0.2 | 68 (86.08) | 213 (84.86) | 281 (85.15) |
ALT (U/L) | |||
< 9 | 3 (3.80) | 16 (6.37) | 19 (5.76) |
≥ 9 and < 50 | 74 (93.67) | 228 (90.84) | 302 (91.52) |
≥ 50 | 2 (2.53) | 7 (2.79) | 9 (2.73) |
AST (U/L) | |||
< 15 | 4 (5.06) | 22 (8.76) | 26 (7.88) |
≥ 15 and < 40 | 72 (91.1) | 210 (83.67) | 282 (85.45) |
≥ 40 | 3 (3.80) | 19 (7.57) | 22 (6.67) |
Urea (mmol/L) | |||
< 3.1 | 1 (1.27) | 5 (1.99) | 6 (1.82) |
≥ 3.1 and < 9.5 | 77 (97.47) | 243 (96.81) | 320 (96.97) |
≥ 9.5 | 1 (1.27) | 4 (1.59) | 5 (1.52) |
CREA (mmol/L) | |||
< 57 | 1 (1.27) | 5 (1.99) | 6 (1.82) |
≥ 57 and < 111 | 76 (96.20) | 240 (95.62) | 316 (95.76) |
≥ 111 | 2 (2.53) | 6 (2.39) | 8 (2.42) |
Glu (mmol/L) | |||
< 4.3 | 6 (7.59) | 13 (5.18) | 19 (5.76) |
≥ 4.3 and < 5.9 | 57 (72.15) | 190 (75.70) | 247 (74.85) |
≥ 5.9 | 16 (20.25) | 48 (19.12) | 64 (19.39) |
PCT (ng/ml) | |||
0–0.05 | 67 (84.81) | 219 (87.25) | 286 (86.67) |
> 0.05 | 12 (15.19) | 32 (12.75) | 44 (13.33) |
D-dimer (mg/L) | |||
< 0.55 | 64 (81.01) | 195 (77.69) | 259 (78.48) |
≥ 0.55 | 15 (18.99) | 56 (22.31) | 71 (21.52) |
CRP (mg/L) | |||
≤ 10 | 70 (88.61) | 238 (94.82) | 308 (93.33) |
> 10 | 9 (11.39) | 13 (5.18) | 22 (6.67) |
ESR (mm/h) | |||
≤ 40 | 62 (78.48) | 198 (78.88) | 260 (78.79) |
> 40 | 17 (21.52) | 53 (21.11) | 70 (21.21) |
PLT (10^9/L) | |||
< 125 | 8 (10.13) | 16 (6.37) | 24 (7.27) |
≥ 125 and < 350 | 69 (87.34) | 224 (89.24) | 293 (88.79) |
≥ 350 | 2 (2.53) | 11 (4.38) | 13 (3.94) |
Hb (g/L) | |||
< 130 | 17 (21.52) | 47 (18.73) | 64 (19.39) |
≥ 130 and < 175 | 61 (77.22) | 200 (79.68) | 261 (79.09) |
≥ 175 | 1 (1.27) | 4 (1.59) | 5 (1.52) |
HCT (%) | |||
< 40 | 18 (22.78) | 43 (17.13) | 61 (18.48) |
≥ 40 and < 50 | 56 (70.89) | 191 (76.10) | 247 (74.85) |
≥ 50 | 5 (6.33) | 17 (6.77) | 22 (6.67) |
Anaesthesia time (min) | |||
< 300 | 31 (39.24) | 99 (39.44) | 130 (39.39) |
≥ 300 and < 420 | 40 (50.63) | 143 (56.97) | 183 (55.45) |
≥ 420 | 8 (10.13) | 9 (3.59) | 17 (5.15) |
Anaesthesia method | |||
GA | 75 (94.94) | 238 (94.82) | 313 (94.85) |
GA + NB | 4 (5.06) | 13 (5.18) | 17 (5.15) |
Intubation | |||
DLT | 34 (43.04) | 79 (31.47) | 113 (34.24) |
Tracheal + BBT | 17 (21.52) | 79 (31.47) | 96 (29.09) |
Tracheal tube | 28 (35.44) | 93 (37.05) | 121 (36.67) |
SPO2(%) | |||
< 90 | 68 (86.08) | 220 (87.65) | 288 (87.27) |
≥ 90 | 11 (13.92) | 31 (12.35) | 42 (12.73) |
EtCO2_max (mmHg) | |||
< 60 | 77 (97.47) | 239 (95.22) | 316 (95.76) |
≥ 60 | 2 (2.53) | 12 (4.78) | 14 (4.24) |
PaCO2(mmHg) | |||
< 65 | 64 (81.01) | 194 (77.29) | 258 (78.18) |
≥ 65 | 15 (18.99) | 57 (22.71) | 72 (21.82) |
Protective ventilation | |||
no | 47 (59.49) | 143 (56.97) | 190 (57.58) |
yes | 32 (40.51) | 108 (43.03) | 140 (42.42) |
Temperature (°C) | |||
< 36.0 | 55 (69.62) | 173 (68.92) | 228 (69.09) |
≥ 36.0 | 24 (30.38) | 78 (31.08) | 102 (30.91) |
Hypotension | |||
no | 73 (92.41) | 232 (92.43) | 305 (92.42) |
< SBP 90 mmHg, ≥10 min | 5 (6.33) | 17 (6.77) | 22 (6.67) |
> SBP 90 mmHg, ≥30 min | 1 (1.27) | 2 (0.80) | 3 (0.91) |
Hypertension | |||
no | 63 (79.75) | 199 (79.28) | 262 (79.39) |
> SBP160 mmHg, ≥10 min | 10 (12.66) | 42 (16.73) | 52 (15.76) |
> SBP160 mmHg, ≥30 min | 6 (1.82) | 10 (3.98) | 16 (4.85) |
Cardiac arrhythmia | |||
no | 69 (87.34) | 240 (95.62) | 309 (93.64) |
yes | 10 (12.66) | 11 (4.38) | 21 (6.36) |
CVP change (cmH2O) | |||
0–5 | 9 (11.39) | 30 (11.95) | 39 (11.82) |
5–10 | 35 (44.30) | 104 (41.43) | 139 (42.12) |
10–15 | 28 (35.44) | 90 (35.86) | 118 (35.76) |
≥ 15 | 7 (8.86) | 27 (10.76) | 34 (10.30) |