| Group A (N = 47) | Group B (N = 26) | Group C (N = 32) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Op time (min) | 153.1 ± 42.2 | 118.2 ± 23.5 | 115.8 ± 30.5 | <  0.001 |
LOS (days) | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.3 | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 0.002 |
Early complications, n (%) | 3 (6.4) | 2 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.307 |
 Intra-abdominal hematoma | 1 | 0 | 0 |  |
 Melena | 0 | 1 | 0 |  |
 Nausea/vomiting | 1 | 0 | 0 |  |
 Operation abandoneda | 0 | 1 | 0 |  |
 Stapling of calibration tube | 1 | 0 | 0 |  |
Readmission | 2 | 0 | 0 | Â |
Late complications, n (%) | 8(17.0) | 3(11.5) | 2 (6.3) | 0.357 |
Marginal ulcer | 4 | 2 | 2 | Â |
G-J stenosis | 1 | 0 | 0 | Â |
anemia | 2 | 1 | 0 | Â |
malnutrition | 1 | 0 | 0 | Â |
Mortality, n (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | Â |