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Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses of the absolute and relative criteria from the 2018 European evidence-based guidelines as predictors of malignant IPMN in the 124 patients with IPMN who underwent pancreatectomy

From: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas and European guidelines: importance of the surgery type in the decision-making process

Variables

Histology

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

OR

95% CI

p

OR

95% CI

p

Jaundice

7.76

(0.93–65.12)

0.06

11.85

(1.17–119.79)

0.04

Benign (1–1.5%)

Malignant (7–11%)

Acute pancreatitis

1.23

(0.50–3.01)

0.65

Benign (11–18%)

Malignant (13–21%)

New onset of diabetes

0.31

(0.06–1.61)

0.16

0.17

(0.03–1.09)

0.06

Benign (7–11%)

Malignant (2–3%)

Cyst ≥4 cm

4.87

(2.10–11.30)

0.0002

5.61

(2.02–15.5)

< 0.001

Benign (6–10%)

Malignant (26–42%)

Cyst ≥3 cm (*)

2.82

(1.34–5.96)

0.007

2.78

(1.80–6.54)

0.02

Benign (30–48%)

Malignant (45–72.5%)

MD size 5–9.9 mm

2.24

(1.08–4.64)

0.03

4.77

(1.78–12.77)

0.002

Benign (20–38.5%)

Malignant (32–51.5%)

MD size ≥10 mm

2.55

(1.15–5.64)

0.02

7.52

(2.47–22.89)

0.0004

Benign (13–21%)

Malignant (25–40%)

Solid component

1.90

(0.81–4.45)

0.14

1.86

(0.67–5.20)

0.24

Benign (11–18%)

Malignant (18–29%)

Enhanced mural nodule > 5 mm

1.13

(0.43–3.01)

0.80

Benign (9–14.5%)

Malignant (10–16%)

Rapid progression

0.75

(0.26–2.16)

0.59

Benign (9–14.5%)

Malignant (7–1%)

  1. Total histology: Benign, n = 62 (50%), Malignant n = 62 (50%)
  2. OR: odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence intervals; MD: main pancreatic duct
  3. *: This risk factor was included as worrisome feature in the 2012 Fukuoka consensus guideline
  4. Statistical significant results are in bold