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Table 5 Stratification by change in thoracic kyphosis (TK): comparison of baseline and postoperative spino-pelvic parameters and their respective pre-to post-op change

From: Cervical spine alignment following surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS): a pre-to-post analysis of 81 patients

 

Stratification by change in TK

Baseline

Post-OP

Change (Δ)

Decrease

Stable

Increase

p

Decrease

Stable

Increase

p

Decrease

Stable

Increase

p

SS

40.7 ± 12.7

39.6 ± 11.3

41.1 ± 9.5

0.835

45.9 ± 13.1

38.9 ± 12.1

41.1 ± 9.9

0.231

5.1 ± 5.2

−0.6 ± 6.5

0.1 ± 6.9

0.054

PT

12.4 ± 11.8

12.5 ± 7.2

11.8 ± 8.0

0.930

8.2 ± 12.8

13.3 ± 7.6

11.2 ± 9.0

0.272

−4.2 ± 5.6

0.8 ± 6.5

−0.6 ± 6.5

0.103

PI

53.2 ± 18.2

52.1 ± 14.5

52.9 ± 12.2

0.964

54.1 ± 17.5

52.2 ± 13.9

52.4 ± 12.2

0.929

0.9 ± 1.8

0.1 ± 1.4

−0.5 ± 2.2

0.072

PI-LL

−9.4 ± 14.3

−7.6 ± 11.1

−1.6 ± 13.2

0.071

−2.6 ± 17.7

−4.0 ± 12.5

−5.0 ± 12.7

0.867

6.8 ± 9.5

3.6 ± 11.2

−3.4 ± 9.0

0.002

LL

62.6 ± 14.6

59.7 ± 12.5

54.5 ± 12.4

0.098

56.7 ± 16.2

56.2 ± 13.2

57.3 ± 13.5

0.945

−5.9 ± 8.8

−3.5 ± 11.2

2.8 ± 9.1

0.008

TK

−48.5 ± 11.8

−43.6 ± 14.0

−28.5 ± 16.4

0.000

−30.7 ± 8.8

−41.5 ± 13.2

−41.0 ± 16.5

0.104

17.9 ± 7.0

2.0 ± 4.4

−12.5 ± 5.3

0.000

SVA

21.4 ± 44.6

−1.4 ± 47.5

−1.8 ± 45.8

0.342

34.0 ± 60.5

−7.2 ± 37.5

−4.0 ± 44.4

0.034

12.6 ± 73.3

−5.8 ± 51.8

−2.2 ± 40.1

0.594

T1SPI

−2.7 ± 5.7

−4.6 ± 4.5

−4.2 ± 3.7

0.463

−0.6 ± 4.5

−5.3 ± 3.4

−4.5 ± 3.9

0.004

2.1 ± 6.1

−0.6 ± 5.0

−0.3 ± 3.8

0.253

TPA

9.7 ± 7.9

8.0 ± 6.0

7.6 ± 8.4

0.737

7.6 ± 12.6

8.1 ± 7.2

6.8 ± 9.0

0.818

−2.1 ± 6.9

0.2 ± 6.1

−0.9 ± 6.1

0.572

T1Slope

25.2 ± 12.5

23.6 ± 11.9

17.0 ± 11.2

0.029

19.9 ± 8.7

24.6 ± 11.7

23.3 ± 11.6

0.529

−5.3 ± 8.5

0.9 ± 7.0

6.3 ± 6.2

0.000

C2-C7

7.8 ± 20.2

−1.7 ± 16.2

−4.3 ± 16.2

0.137

6.2 ± 8.7

2.2 ± 14.6

2.6 ± 16.1

0.799

0.6 ± 14.5

4.1 ± 12.7

7.7 ± 13.8

0.323

C2-C7 SVA

33.7 ± 11.3

35.1 ± 19.1

29.0 ± 15.7

0.327

31.2 ± 23.0

35.5 ± 17.1

33.2 ± 15.5

0.733

−1.3 ± 15.8

1.3 ± 15.8

4.0 ± 12.1

0.551

C2-T3

7.7 ± 22.1

−4.5 ± 21.1

−9.5 ± 17.4

0.053

−0.6 ± 10.4

−6.7 ± 19.2

−3.8 ± 14.8

0.595

−8.1 ± 22.5

−1.0 ± 15.4

6.5 ± 11.7

0.019

C2-T3 SVA

54.5 ± 18.8

59.4 ± 26.2

46.9 ± 22.1

0.105

52.8 ± 28.7

63.6 ± 28.7

57.3 ± 22.5

0.470

−0.5 ± 20.4

4.7 ± 16.9

10.1 ± 14.6

0.176

C2-T1 – H

17.8 ± 23.6

8.2 ± 18.2

3.4 ± 18.6

0.113

12.2 ± 8.1

12.7 ± 17.6

12.2 ± 19.4

0.992

−3.8 ± 23.3

3.7 ± 13.6

10.1 ± 12.6

0.043

C2Slope

16.3 ± 11.6

24.7 ± 12.8

21.2 ± 10.6

0.138

14.5 ± 11.0

22.4 ± 11.9

20.6 ± 10.7

0.217

−3.8 ± 9.5

−2.4 ± 10.9

−1.1 ± 12.0

0.798

C0Slope

−1.1 ± 4.4

0.3 ± 6.9

−1.3 ± 7.5

0.762

−0.6 ± 7.4

−2.8 ± 6.9

− 2.4 ± 10.1

0.898

− 2.1 ± 7.2

−3.0 ± 7.3

−6.7 ± 10.2

0.534

C0-C2

18.3 ± 12.3

23.2 ± 8.1

22.8 ± 9.1

0.562

13.0 ± 14.5

23.1 ± 8.8

21.9 ± 7.9

0.099

−5.1 ± 3.3

−1.9 ± 7.6

− 1.9 ± 9.8

0.824

MGSlope

5.3 ± 4.5

5.2 ± 6.6

3.2 ± 6.9

0.673

4.7 ± 7.1

2.8 ± 6.4

3.2 ± 9.9

0.921

−4.3 ± 7.0

−3.1 ± 7.6

−7.2 ± 10.5

0.601

  1. SS sacral slope, PT pelvic tilt, PI Pelvic incidence, LL (L1 – S1) lumbar lordosis measured from L1 to S1, PI-LL pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis mismatch, TK (TK 2 – TK 12) thoracic kyphosis measured from TK 2 to TK 12, SVA sagittal vertical axis, T1SPi T1 spinopelvic inclination, TPA T1 pelvic angle; cranial: MGS McGregor Slope (line). C0S C0 Slope, C2S C2 Slope, C2-C0 angle; C2-C7 angle, C2-C7 SVA (SVA sagittal vertical axis), C2-T3 angle, C2-T3 SVA (SVA sagittal vertical axis), T1 Slope, MGS McGregor Slope (line); Δ parameter change pre- to post-operatively; data expressed as mean ± standard deviation; p statistical significance, p < 0.05
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