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Table 1 The level of included clinical study on laparoscopic metabolic surgery for T2DM

From: Laparoscopic metabolic surgery for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Asia: a scoping review and evidence-based analysis

Levels

Type of study

No. of World

No. of Asian

Rates

I 1a

Systematic review/ meta-analysis

102

13

12.7% (13/102)

I 1b

RCT

52

10

19.2% (10/52)

II 2b

Cohort study

398

59

14.8% (59/398)

IV 4

Case series

129

35

27.1% (35/129)

V 5

Case report/other

238

88

37.0% (88/238)