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Table 3 Summary of included publications

From: Postoperative changes of the microbiome: are surgical complications related to the gut flora? A systematic review

Author

Usami

et al.

Zhang

et al.

Okazaki

et al.

Ohigashi

et al.

Tanaka

et al.

Year

2010

2012

2013

2013

2012

Country

Japan

China

Japan

Japan

Japan

Study type

RCT

RCT

RCT

Cohort

RCT

Treatment

Synbiotics vs. no Treatment

Probiotics vs. Placebo

Synbiotics vs. no Treatment

n. s.

Synbiotics vs. Probiotics

Number of patients included

61 (29 + 32)

60 (30 + 30)

48 (25 + 23)

81

64 (30 + 34)

Area of surgery

Liver

Colon

Pankreas/Bile-System

Colon

Oesophagus

Method of quantification

Culture

Culture

PCR

PCR

PCR

C-reactive Protein

No difference

↓

No difference

n. s.

↓

White blood cell count

↓

n. s.

No difference

n. s.

↓

SIRS

↓

n. s.

↓

n. s.

↓

Organic acids in stool

↓

n. s.

↑

↓ a

↑

Stool pH

↓

n. s.

↓

No difference

↓

Rate of infections

↓

↓

↓

7,4%

↓

Number of pathogenetic bacteria

↑

↓

↓

↑ a

↓

Number of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria

↓

↑

↑

↓ a

↑

  1. If not specified elsewhere, the arrows show the postoperative comparison of the synbiotic/probiotic-treated patients compared to control groups
  2. n. s. not specified, RCT Randomized controlled trial, SIRS Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
  3. aCompared to preoperative measures