Author | Usami et al. | Zhang et al. | Okazaki et al. | Ohigashi et al. | Tanaka et al. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | 2010 | 2012 | 2013 | 2013 | 2012 |
Country | Japan | China | Japan | Japan | Japan |
Study type | RCT | RCT | RCT | Cohort | RCT |
Treatment | Synbiotics vs. no Treatment | Probiotics vs. Placebo | Synbiotics vs. no Treatment | n. s. | Synbiotics vs. Probiotics |
Number of patients included | 61 (29 + 32) | 60 (30 + 30) | 48 (25 + 23) | 81 | 64 (30 + 34) |
Area of surgery | Liver | Colon | Pankreas/Bile-System | Colon | Oesophagus |
Method of quantification | Culture | Culture | PCR | PCR | PCR |
C-reactive Protein | No difference | ↓ | No difference | n. s. | ↓ |
White blood cell count | ↓ | n. s. | No difference | n. s. | ↓ |
SIRS | ↓ | n. s. | ↓ | n. s. | ↓ |
Organic acids in stool | ↓ | n. s. | ↑ | ↓ a | ↑ |
Stool pH | ↓ | n. s. | ↓ | No difference | ↓ |
Rate of infections | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | 7,4% | ↓ |
Number of pathogenetic bacteria | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ a | ↓ |
Number of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ a | ↑ |