Skip to main content

Table 1 Patient characteristics

From: Body surface area is a novel predictor for surgical complications following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for lung adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study

Characteristics

Total (N = 442)

Surgical complications

P value

Yes (N = 81)

No (N = 361)

Basic information

 Mean age, years (SD)

62.84 ± 8.07

64.47 ± 7.18

62.48 ± 8.22

0.044

 Age categorization

  Age ≤ 65 years

277 (62.7%)

48 (59.3%)

229 (63.4%)

0.48

  Age > 65 years

165 (37.3%)

33 (40.7%)

132 (36.6%)

 Gender (Male, %)

232 (52.5%)

62 (76.5%)

170 (47.1%)

<0.001

 Mean BMI, kg/m2 (SD)

23.45 ± 3.01

23.80 ± 3.10

23.37 ± 2.98

0.25

 BMI categorization

 < 18.5 kg/m2

21 (4.8%)

2 (2.5%)

19 (5.3%)

0.51

 18.5 to 25.0 kg/m2

300 (67.9%)

53 (65.4%)

247 (68.4%)

 > 25.0 to <30.0 kg/m2

114 (25.8%)

24 (29.6%)

90 (24.9%)

 

 ≥ 30 kg/m2

7 (1.6%)

2 (2.5%)

5 (1.4%)

 

 Mean BSA, m2 (SD)

1.72 ± 0.16

1.76 ± 0.15

1.71 ± 0.16

0.016

 Median BSA, m2 (Range)

1.71 (1.31–2.18)

1.76 (1.38–2.15)

1.69 (1.31–2.18)

 Smoking history

167 (37.8%)

46 (56.8%)

121 (33.5%)

<0.001

Preoperative comorbidities

 COPD

87 (19.7%)

25 (30.9%)

62 (17.2%)

0.005

 Tuberculosis

44 (10.0%)

6 (7.4%)

38 (10.5%)

0.40

 Preoperative respiratory infection

38 (8.6%)

15 (18.5%)

23 (6.4%)

<0.001

 Hypertension

148 (33.5%)

38 (46.9%)

110 (30.5%)

0.005

 Diabetes mellitus

47 (10.6%)

5 (6.2%)

42 (11.6%)

0.15

 Coronary heart disease

45 (10.2%)

13 (16.0%)

32 (8.9%)

0.053

 Renal insufficiency

32 (7.2%)

8 (9.9%)

24 (6.6%)

0.31

 Severe liver diseases

53 (12.0%)

9 (11.1%)

44 (12.2%)

0.79

 Previous malignancy

32 (7.2%)

8 (9.9%)

24 (6.6%)

0.31

 Steroid use

23 (5.2%)

6 (7.4%)

17 (4.7%)

0.48

Combined treatment modalities

 Neoadjuvant therapy

31 (7.0%)

7 (8.6%)

24 (6.6%)

0.53

 Adjuvant chemotherapy

122 (27.6%)

26 (32.1%)

96 (26.6%)

0.32

Intraoperative parameters

 Tumor location

  Right upper lobe

159 (36.0%)

22 (27.2%)

137 (38.0%)

0.24

  Left upper lobe

100 (22.6%)

17 (21.0%)

83 (23.0%)

  Right lower lobe

78 (17.6%)

19 (23.5%)

59 (16.3%)

  Left lower lobe

61 (13.8%)

12 (14.8%)

49 (13.6%)

  Right middle lobe

44 (10.0%)

11 (13.6%)

33 (9.1%)

 Extent of surgery

  Single lobectomy

369 (83.5%)

74 (91.4%)

295 (81.7%)

0.011

  Bi-lobectomy

4 (0.9%)

2 (2.5%)

2 (0.6%)

  Segmentectomy

69 (15.6%)

5 (6.2%)

64 (17.7%)

 Pleural invasion

  None

206 (46.6%)

34 (42.0%)

172 (47.6%)

0.65

  Visceral

207 (46.8%)

41 (50.6%)

166 (46.0%)

  Parietal

29 (6.6%)

6 (7.4%)

23 (6.4%)

 Pleural adhesion

  None

199 (45.0%)

26 (32.1%)

173 (47.9%)

0.007

  Light

132 (29.9%)

25 (30.9%)

107 (29.6%)

  Moderate

71 (16.1%)

16 (19.8%)

55 (15.2%)

  Severe/atresia

40 (9.0%)

14 (17.3%)

26 (7.2%)

 Pulmonary fissure status

  Complete fissures

300 (67.9%)

50 (61.7%)

250 (69.3%)

0.19

  Incomplete fissures

142 (32.1%)

31 (38.3%)

111 (30.7%)

Pathological parameters

 Differentiation degree

  Low

41 (9.3%)

12 (14.8%)

29 (8.0%)

0.091

  Moderate/high

401 (90.7%)

69 (85.2%)

332 (92.0%)

 Tumor invasion (T status)

  T1–2

425 (96.2%)

74 (91.4%)

351 (97.2%)

0.030

  T3–4

17 (3.8%)

7 (8.6%)

10 (2.8%)

 Lymph node metastasis (N status)

  N1–2

78 (17.6%)

17 (21.0%)

61 (16.9%)

0.38

  N0

364 (82.4%)

64 (79.0%)

300 (83.1%)

 TNM stage

  I

346 (78.3%)

58 (71.6%)

288 (79.8%)

0.15

  II

54 (12.3%)

16 (19.7%)

38 (10.5%)

  IIIa

42 (9.5%)

7 (8.6%)

35 (9.7%)

  1. BMI body mass index, BSA body surface area, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SD standard deviation