| Laparoscopic group | Robotic group | P value |
---|---|---|---|
N = 41 | N = 30 | ||
Time-to-first flatus (day) (mean ± SD) | 3.0 ± 0.3 | 3.2 ± 0.3 | NS |
Time-to-first oral feeding (day) (mean ± SD) | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 5.2 ± 0.3 | NS |
Surgery-related complications (total) | 5 (12.1 %) | 4 (13.2 %) | NS |
 Focal pancreatitis | 1 (2.4 %) | 0 |  |
 Duodenal stump leakage | 2 (4.9 %) | 0 |  |
 Intestinal obstruction | 0 | 2 (6.6 %) |  |
 Anastomotic bleeding | 1 (2.4 %) | 0 |  |
 Delayed gastric emptying | 1 (2.4 %) | 2 (6.6 %) |  |
Surgery-unrelated complications (total) | 3 (7.2 % ) | 2 (6.6 %) | NS |
 Urinary tract infections | 1 (2.4 %) | 0 |  |
 Arrhythmia | 1 (2.4 %) | 0 |  |
 Deep venous thrombosis | 0 | 1 (3.3 %) |  |
 Cerebral vascular accident | 0 | 1 (3.3 %) |  |
 Myocardial infarction | 1 (2.4 %) | 0 |  |
Reoperations | 2 (4.9 %) | 1 (3.3 %) | NS |
Postoperative mortality | 2 (4.9 %) | 1 (3.3 %) | NS |
Hospital length stay (day) (mean ± SD) | 8.1 ± 0.5 | 9.5 ± 1.0 | NS |