Quality improvement practices used by teaching versus non-teaching trauma centres: analysis of a multinational survey of adult trauma centres in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand

Table 3 Top 10 quality indicators used by teaching vs. non-teaching centres ^*

	Teaching centres		Non-teaching centres
Rank	Quality indicator	Frequency (%)	Quality indicator	Frequency (%)
1	Appropriate admission service/physician	96	In hospital mortality	57
2	In hospital mortality	93	Attendance at M & M conference	54
3	Pulmonary complications	86	Appropriate admission service/physician	50
4	Time to laparotomy	81	Scene time	44
5	Length of stay	72	Trauma team activation for severely injured patients	41
6	Scene time	69	Pulmonary complications	40
7	Time to craniotomy in severe TBI	68	Length of stay	36
8	Secure airway for comatose patient	56	Inter-facility patient transfer	34
9	Reintubation <48 hours of extubation	55	Time to laparotomy	32
10	Attendance at M & M conference	54	Under triage	32

M&M: morbidity and mortality.
TBI: traumatic brain injury.
^*Shaded boxes represent quality indicators common to both teaching and non-teaching centres.

ISSN: 1471-2482