SUBMIT: Systemic therapy with or without up front surgery of the primary tumor in breast cancer patients with distant metastases at initial presentation

Table 1 Results of retrospective studies

Author	Year	Nr of patients	Surgery (%)	HR	95% CI	Median survival (months)
						Surgery			No surgery
						Not specified	Lumpec	Mastec
Khan [5]	2002	16023	57	0.61	0.58-0.65	-	27	32	19
Babiera [6]	2006	224	37	0.50	0.21-1.19	-			-
Rapiti [7]	2006	300	42	0.60	0.4-1.0	-¹			-
Fields [8]	2007	409	46	0.53	0.42-0.67	32			15
Gnerlich [9]	2007	9734	47	0.63	0.60-0.66	36			21
Blanchard [10]	2008	395	61	0.71	0.56-0.91	27			17
Cady² [15]	2008	622	38	-	-	-			-
Bafford [16]	2009	147	41	0.47	-	42			28
Ruiterkamp [11]	2009	728	40	0.62	0.51-0.76	31			14
Leung [17]	2009	157	33	-	-	25			13
Neuman [12]	2010	186	37	0.71	0.47-1.06	40			33
Dominici² [18]	2011	290	23	0.94	0.83-1.08	42			41

HR: Hazard ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval
¹ Rapiti: 5-year specific survival; 27% for surgery with negative margins, 16% for surgery with positive margins, 12% for surgery with unknown margins and 12% for no surgery
² Case-matched analysis

ISSN: 1471-2482