Table 1 Risk factor for lymph node metastasis in patients with submucosal invasive colorectal cancer
Lymph node involvement | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No (n = 47) | Yes (n = 8) | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
Age | Mean ± S.D. | 60.8 ± 9.7 | 64.0 ± 8.9 | 0.381 | |
Sex | male | 29 (61.7 %) | 5 (62.5 %) | ||
female | 18 (38.3 %) | 3 (37.5 %) | 0.966 | ||
Tumor location | Rt. Sided colon‡ | 6 (12.8 %) | 2 (25.0 %) | ||
Lt. Sided colon§ | 22 (46.8 %) | 4 (50.0 %) | |||
Rectum | 19 (40.4 %) | 2 (25.0 %) | 0.345 | ||
Macroscopic shape of | Ip | 23 (48.9 %) | 3 (37.5 %) | ||
tumor | Isp | 9 (19.1 %) | 1 (12.5 %) | ||
Is | 12 (25.5 %) | 3 (37.5 %) | 0.485 | ||
Tumor size | ≤ 2.3 cm | 20 (42.6 %) | 5 (62.5 %) | ||
> 2.3 cm | 19 (40.4 %) | 2 (25.0 %) | 0.428 | ||
Circumference ratio† | ≤ 1/4 | 26 (55.3 %) | 6 (75.0 %) | ||
1/4 < or ≤ 2/4 | 17 (36.2 %) | 2 (25.0 %) | |||
2/4 < or ≤ 3/4 | 1 (2.1 %) | 0 | |||
> 3/4 | 0 | 0 | 0.375 | ||
Depth of invasion (μm) | < 1000 | 1 (2.1 %) | 0 | ||
1000 ≤ or < 2000 | 6 (12.8 %) | 2 (25.0 %) | |||
2000 ≤ or < 3000 | 10 (21.3 %) | 0 | |||
3000 ≤ | 23 (48.9 %) | 4 (50.0 %) | 0.435 | 0.282 | |
Depth of invasion (by | Sm1 | 12 (25.5 %) | 2 (25.0 %) | ||
Kudo’s classification) | Sm2 | 17 (36.2 %) | 1 (12.5 %) | ||
Sm3 | 10 (21.3 %) | 3 (37.5 %) | 0.364 | 0.063 | |
Differentiation | well | 21 (44.7 %) | 1 (12.5 %) | ||
moderately | 21 (44.7 %) | 6 (75.0 %) | |||
poorly | 0 | 0 | 0.112 | 0.856 | |
Lymphovascular | Absent | 37 (78.7 %) | 4 (50.0 %) | ||
invasion | Present | 5 (10.6 %) | 2 (25.5 %) | 0.206 | 0.232 |
Tumor budding | Absent | 23 (48.9 %) | 1 (12.5 %) | ||
Present | 15 (31.9 %) | 5 (75.0 %) | 0.047 | 0.042 | |
Microacinar structure | Absent | 29 (61.7 %) | 3 (37.5 %) | ||
Present | 9 (19.1 %) | 3 (37.5 %) | 0.179 | 0.247 | |