Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy according to GNRI categories. (n = 144)

Age (years), median (IQR)

71 (9)

74.5 (10)^a

71 (10)

70 (5)

0.015

Male, n (%)

84 (58.3%)

31 (57.4%)

18 (51.4%)

35 (63.6%)

0.509

BMI (kg/m²), mean ± SD

22.85 ± 3.45

22.11 ± 4.31^a

22.68 ± 3.11

23.67 ± 2.44

0.012

Abdominal surgery history, n (%)

29 (20.1%)

13 (24.1%)

6 (17.1%)

10 (18.2%)

0.655

Hypertension, n (%)

74 (51.4%)

27 (50%)

19 (54.3%)

28 (50.9%)

0.921

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

43 (29.9%)

14 (25.9%)

10 (28.6%)

19 (34.5%)

0.606

Chronic kidney disease, n (%)

12 (8.3%)

6 (11.1%)

2 (5.7%)

4 (7.3%)

0.625

Coronary artery disease, n (%)

27 (18.8%)

9 (16.7%)

7 (20%)

11 (20%)

0.884

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%)

7 (4.9%)

4 (7.4%)

1 (2.9%)

2 (3.6%)

0.538

Disease

Benign, n (%)

8 (5.6%)

2 (3.7%)

1 (2.9%)

5 (9.1%)

0.460^†

Ampulla of vater adenocarcinoma, n (%)

41 (28.5%)

17 (31.5%)

10 (28.6%)

14 (25.5%)

0.784

Biliary adenocarcinoma, n (%)

22 (15.3%)

6 (11.1%)

8 (22.9%)

8 (14.5%)

0.317

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, n (%)

55 (38.3%)

23 (42.6%)

12 (34.3%)

20 (36.4%)

0.688

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, n (%)

6 (4.2%)

3 (5.6%)

0 (0%)

3 (5.5%)

0.504^†

Neuroendocrine tumor, n (%)

4 (2.8%)

0 (0%)

1 (2.9%)

3 (5.5%)

0.288^†

Other malignancy, n (%)

8 (5.6%)

3 (5.6%)

3 (8.6%)

2 (3.6%)

0.524^†

CCI, n (%)

0

66 (45.8%)

22 (40.7%)

19 (54.3%)

25 (45.5%)

0.114^†

1

47 (32.6%)

20 (37%)

7 (20%)

20 (36.4%)

2

24 (16.7%)

10 (18.5%)

8 (22.9%)

6 (10.9%)

3

4 (2.8%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

4 (7.3%)

4

2 (1.4%)

1 (1.9%)

1 (2.9%)

0 (0%)

5

1 (0.7%)

1 (1.9%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

ASA physical status, n (%)

II

45 (31.3%)

11 (20.4%)^a

9 (25.7%)

25 (45.5%)

0.013^†

III

98 (68.1%)

43 (79.6%)^a

26 (74.3%)

29 (52.7%)

IV

1 (0.7%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1 (1.8%)

ECOG, n (%)

0

125 (86.8%)

41 (75.9%)^a

31 (88.6%)

53 (96.4%)

0.016^†

1

16 (11.1%)

11 (20.4%)^a

3 (8.6%)

2 (3.6%)

2

3 (2.1%)

2 (3.7%)

1 (2.9%)

0 (0%)

GNRI score, mean ± SD

94.43 ± 9.75

84.30 ± 5.79^ab

95.27 ± 1.61^a

103.86 ± 4.85

 < 0.001

Preoperative albumin (g/dL), mean ± SD

3.67 ± 0.63

3.05 ± 0.37^ab

3.79 ± 0.48^a

4.20 ± 0.32

 < 0.001

Preoperative TBIL (mg/dL), median (IQR)

1.5 (2.7)

2.9(3.6)^a

1.6(2.4)^a

0.8(1.4)

 < 0.001

Preoperative bile drain, n (%)

87 (60.4%)

38 (70.4%)^a

28 (80%)^a

21 (38.2%)

 < 0.001