Table 3 Clinical outcomes of patients 

VAS Back Pain

7.2 ± 1.3

2.5 ± 1.2*

2.3 ± 1.8*

1.9 ± 1.1*

1.7 ± 1.0*

7.9 ± 1.6

3.0 ± 1.2*

1.6 ± 1.2*

1.4 ± 1.1*

1.3 ± 1.2*

VAS Leg Pain

7.0 ± 1.2

3.6 ± 1.3*

2.2 ± 1.4*

1.8 ± 1.2*

1.3 ± 1.1*

6.8 ± 1.5

2.9 ± 1.5*

1.9 ± 1.1*

1.7 ± 1.0*

1.2 ± 0.8*

ODI(%)

44.9 ± 3.8

12.2 ± 2.8*

11.0 ± 4.1*

7.9 ± 3.4*

6.8 ± 3.5*

47.1 ± 4.2

12.6 ± 2.5*

11.5 ± 3.3*

8.9 ± 3.4*

7.9 ± 3.0*

JOA

12.5 ± 3.7

21.9 ± 3.2*

23.0 ± 3.5*

25.2 ± 4.1*

26.2 ± 3.8*

12.6 ± 3.4

22.6 ± 3.4*

23.1 ± 4.6*

25.6 ± 3.7*

26.3 ± 3.5*