Table 4 Post-operative data of the study patients (ICU Intensive care unit, PHLF Posthepatectomy liver failure, US Ultrasound, ERCP Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography, PVT Portal vein thrombosis)

ICU duration (days)

1 (1–22)

1 (1–6)

1 (1–22)

1 (1–7)

0.01

Hospital stay (days)

5 (2–66)

5 (5–22)

5 (2–31)

6 (3–66)

0.002

Morbidity

158 (50.2%)

36 (40.9%)

83 (49.7%)

39 (65%)

0.016

Clavien-Dindo grade

0.87

 I

66 (21%)

16 (18.2%)

36 (21.6%)

14 (23.3%)

 II

47 (14.9%)

10 (11.4%)

25 (15%)

12 (20%)

 III-a

14 (4.4%)

3 (3.4%)

9 (5.4%)

2 (3.3%)

 III-b

11 (3.5%)

2 (2.3%)

5 (3%)

4 (6.7%)

 IV-a

2 (0.6%)

1 (1.1%)

0

1 (1.7%)

 V

18 (5.7%)

4 (4.5%)

8 (4.8%)

6 (10%)

Morbidity type

0.064

 General

4 (1.3%)

0

1 (0.6%)

3 (5%)

 Surgical

8 (2.5%)

2 (2.3%)

6 (3.6%)

0

 Liver-related

110 (34.9%)

26 (29.5%)

61 (36.5%)

23 (38.3%)

 Mixed

36 (11.4%)

8 (9.1%)

15 (9%)

13 (1.7%)

 PHLF

142 (45.1%)

32 (36.4%)

74 (44.3%)

36 (60%)

0.017

PHLF grade

0.643

 A

81 (25.7%)

18 (20.5%)

46 (27.5%)

17 (28.3%)

 B

41 (13%)

10 (11.4%)

19 (11.4%)

12 (20%)

 C

20 (6.3%)

4 (4.5%)

9 (5.4%)

7 (11.7%)

Bile leakage

17 (5.4%)

5 (5.7%)

8 (4.8%)

4 (6.7%)

0.851

Bile leakage treatment

0.255

 Conservative

6 (1.9%)

2 (2.3%)

4 (2.4%)

0

 US guided tube

3 (1%)

1 (1.1%)

2 (1.2%)

0

 ERCP

7 (2.2%)

2 (2.3%)

2 (1.2%)

3 (5%)

 Operative

1 (0.3%)

0

0

1 (1.7%)

Collection

16 (5.1%)

4 (4.5%)

7 (4.2%)

5 (8.3%)

0.44

Collection treatment

0.176

 Conservative

6 (1.9%)

2 (2.3%)

1 (0.6%)

3 (5%)

 US guided tube

9 (2.9%)

2 (2.3%)

6 (3.6%)

1 (1.7%)

 Operative

1 (0.3%)

0

0

1 (1.7%)

Internal hemorrhage

Managed surgically

7 (2.2%)

1 (1.1%)

4 (2.4%)

2 (3.3%)

0.657

Wound infection

All bed side management

9 (2.9%)

2 (2.3%)

4 (2.4%)

3 (5%)

0.541

Liver Abscess

All US guided drainage

3 (1%)

2 (2.3%)

1 (0.6%)

0

0.298

Vascular complications (PVT)

5 (1.6%)

0

3 (1.8%)

2 (3.3%)

0.268

Respiratory complications

17 (5.4%)

5 (5.7%)

5 (3%)

7 (11.7%)

0.038

Pleural effusion

16 (5.1%)

5 (5.7%)

4 (2.4%)

7 (11.7%)

0.279

Pneumonia

1 (0.3%)

0

1 (0.6%)

0

Respiratory treatment

0.189

 Conservative

13 (4.1%)

3 (3.4%)

4 (2.4%)

6 (10%)

 US guided drainage

4 (1.3%)

2 (2.3%)

1 (0.6%)

1 (1.7%)

Cardiac dysrhythmia

1 (0.3%)

0

0

1 (1.7%)

0.119

Renal complications (hepato-renal syndrome)

4 (1.3%)

2 (2.3%)

2 (1.2%)

0

0.476

Cerebral stroke

1 (0.3%)

0

1 (0.6%)

0

0.641

Ileus

1 (0.3%)

0

0

1 (1.7%)

0.119

Bleeding varices

Endoscopic management

1 (0.3%)

0

1 (0.6%)

0

0.641

Early mortality

20 (6.3%)

4 (4.5%)

9 (5.4%)

7 (11.7%)

0.166

Early mortality cause

Liver failure

20 (6.3%)

4 (4.5%)

9 (5.4%)

7 (11.7%)

0.166