Table 4 Risk of bias assessment based on Cochrane-endorsed ROBINS-I assessment tool
| Â | Confounding | Bias in selection of participants into the study | Bias in classification of the exposure | Bias due to departures from intended exposures | Bias due to missing data | Bias in measurement of the outcome | Bias in selection of the reported results | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cikot | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Paliogiannis | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Radulescu1 | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Radulescu2 | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Romano | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Sato | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Suzuki | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Yuliandar | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Huang | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Li | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Rodriguez | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Wu | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |