From: A nomogram to predict conversion of laparoscopic surgery to laparotomy for Choledocholithiasis
Characteristic | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
Age [year] | 0.276 | – | ||
≤ 60 | Ref | |||
60 ~ 80 | 1.175(0.745–1.851) | |||
>80 | 1.962(0.850–4.529) | |||
Sex | 0.040* | – | 0.128 | |
Male | Ref | |||
Female | 1.566(1.021–2.401) | |||
BMI [Kg/m2] | 0.551 | – | ||
< 24 | Ref | |||
24 ~ 28 | 1.014(0.638–1.611) | |||
> 28 | 0.270(0.063–1.149) | |||
Diabetes (Yes/No) | 0.789(0.411–1.514) | 0.476 | – | |
Hypertension (Yes/No) | 0.758(0.468–1.230) | 0.262 | – | |
PUAS (Yes/No) | 2.314(1.409–3.799) | 0.001* | 4.014(2.077–7.755) | < 0.001* |
History of ERCP surgery (Yes/No) | 1.310(0.519–3.302) | 0.567 | – | |
Pancreatitis (Yes/No) | 0.306(0.072–1.299) | 0.108 | ||
WBC[*109/L] | 0.739 | – | ||
≤ 10 | Ref | |||
> 10 | 1.125(0.563–2.246) | |||
ALB [g/L] | 0.018* | – | 0.477 | |
≤ 35 | Ref | |||
> 35 | 0.578(0.367–0.910) | |||
TBIL [μmol/L] | 0.267 | – | ||
≤ 17.1 | Ref | |||
> 17.1 | 0.786(0.513–1.203) | |||
ALP [U/L] | 0.921 | – | ||
≤ 125 | Ref | |||
> 125 | 1.024(0.645–1.625) | |||
ALT [U/L] | 0.922 | – | ||
≤ 40 | Ref | |||
> 40 | 1.024(0.639–1.640) | |||
AST [U/L] | 0.769 | – | ||
≤ 40 | Ref | |||
> 40 | 1.069(0.685–1.667) | |||
GGT [U/L] | > 0.95 | – | ||
≤ 50 | Ref | |||
> 50 | 0.998(0.564–1.766) | |||
Maximum diameter of CBD stone [mm] | < 0.001* | 0.003* | ||
< 12 | Ref | Ref | ||
≥ 12 | 2.635(1.705–4.073) | 2.312(1.318–4.057) | ||
CBD stone’s location | ||||
Duodenal upper segment (Yes/No) | 1.612(0.989–2.627) | 0.055 | – | |
Duodenal posterior segment (Yes/No) | 1.044(0.673–1.618) | 0.848 | – | |
Pancreatic segment (Yes/No) | 0.873(0.543–1.402) | 0.573 | – | |
Medial wall of the duodenum (Yes/No) | 4.588(2.406–8.748) | < 0.001* | 5.393(2.513–11.574) | < 0.001* |
The number of stones in CBD | 0.711 | – | ||
Negative/sludge | Ref | |||
Single | 0.911(0.296–2.803) | |||
Multiple | 1.096(0.361–3.330) | |||
IHD stone (Yes/No) | 1.991(1.220–3.249) | 0.006* | – | 0.182 |
Thickening of gallbladder wall (Yes/No) | 2.316(1505–3.564) | < 0.001* | 4.318(2.454–7.597) | < 0.001* |
Thickening of CBD wall (Yes/No) | 6.037(3.195–11.411) | < 0.001* | 4.513(2.111–9.646) | < 0.001* |
Diameter of CBD | 1.055(1.019–1.093) | 0.002* | – | 0.153 |
Stone size/CBD size | < 0.001* | 0.026* | ||
< 0.75 | Ref | Ref | ||
≥ 0.75 | 2.650(1.666–4.216) | 1.909(1.078–3.378) | ||
Surgery method | ||||
Simultaneous LC (Yes/No) | 0.689(0.389–1.221) | 0.202 | – | |
Simultaneous LH (Yes/No) | 4.521(2.624–7.789) | < 0.001* | 7.032(3.683–13.426) | < 0.001* |
Laser lithotripsy (Yes/No) | 2.536(0.749–8.586) | 0.135 |