Variables | No Expansive intracranial hematoma | Expansive intracranial hematoma | Total | P- Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | ||
n (%) | 132 (40.7) | 192 (59.3) | 324 (100.0) | |
GCS: Eye-opening, n (%) | ||||
None | 17 (12.9) | 28 (14.6) | 45 (13.9) | |
To pain | 21 (15.9) | 21 (10.9) | 42 (13.0) | |
To speech | 18 (13.6) | 18 (9.4) | 36 (11.1) | |
Spontaneously | 76 (57.6) | 125 (65.1) | 201 (62.0) | 0.302 |
GCS: Verbal response, n (%) | ||||
None | 17 (12.9) | 26 (13.5) | 43 (13.3) | |
Incomprehensive | 19 (14.4) | 38 (19.8) | 57 (17.6) | |
Inappropriate | 17 (12.9) | 11 (5.7) | 28 (8.6) | |
Confused | 78 (59.1) | 115 (59.9) | 193 (59.6) | |
Oriented | 1 (0.8) | 2 (1.0) | 3 (0.9) | 0.197 |
GCS: Motor, n (%) | ||||
None | 1 (0.8) | 6 (3.1) | 7 (2.2) | |
Extension to pain | 3 (2.3) | 5 (2.6) | 8 (2.5) | |
Flexion to pain | 9 (6.8) | 14 (7.3) | 23 (7.1) | |
Withdraws from pain | 9 (6.8) | 18 (9.4) | 27 (8.3) | |
Localises to pain | 33 (25.0) | 30 (15.6) | 63 (19.4) | |
Obeys commands | 77 (58.3) | 119 (62.0) | 196 (60.5) | 0.268 |
Severity of GCS, mean (sd) | 11.6 (3.0) | 11.5 (3.4) | 11.6 (3.2) | 0.791 |
Severity of GCS, median (iqr) | 14.0 (5.0) | 14.0 (4.8) | 14.0 (5.0) | 0.744 |
Severity of GCS, median (iqi) | 14.0 (9.0; 14.0) | 14.0 (9.3; 14.0) | 14.0 (9.0; 14.0) | 0.744 |
Severity group, n (%) | ||||
Mild | 78 (59.1) | 114 (59.4) | 192 (59.3) | |
Moderate | 28 (21.2) | 35 (18.2) | 63 (19.4) | |
Severe | 26 (19.7) | 43 (22.4) | 69 (21.3) | 0.731 |
Does patient have unequal pupil size n (%) | ||||
No | 113 (85.6) | 166 (86.5) | 279 (86.1) | |
Yes | 19 (14.4) | 26 (13.5) | 45 (13.9) | 0.827 |
Pupillary light reflex, n (%) | ||||
Both Unresponsive | 5 (3.8) | 8 (4.2) | 13 (4.0) | |
One Unresponsive | 19 (14.4) | 24 (12.5) | 43 (13.3) | |
Both Responsive | 108 (81.8) | 160 (83.3) | 268 (82.7) | 0.878 |
Are the pupils dilated? (>4mm)?, n (%) | ||||
Both Dilated | 9 (6.8) | 14 (7.3) | 23 (7.1) | |
One Dilated | 24 (18.2) | 26 (13.5) | 50 (15.4) | |
Both Normal Size | 99 (75.0) | 152 (79.2) | 251 (77.5) | 0.524 |
Are the pupils miotic?, n (%) | ||||
(< 3mm) Bilaterally miotic | 7 (5.3) | 9 (4.7) | 16 (4.9) | |
Unilaterally miotic with intact light response | 125 (94.7) | 183 (95.3) | 308 (95.1) | 0.802 |