From: The natural history of pedal puncture wounds in diabetics: a cross-sectional survey
 | Outcome of closed pedal puncture wound |  | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Healed, no doctor | Healed, non-surgical Rx | Debridement, amputation | P-value (chi2 or t-test) |
Number of cases (%) | 35(45.4%) | 21(27.3%) | 21(27.3%) | Â |
   95% CI | 34.1-56.8% | 17.1-37.4% | 17.1-37.4% |  |
*Infected - no.(%) | 0 | 5(23.8%) | 21(100%) | < 0.001 |
Implement of puncture** - no.(%): nail/metal fragment | 10(28.6%) | 10(47.6%) | 12(57.1%) | 0.089 |
Location implement - no.(%): on the ground | 31(88.6%) | 17(80.6%) | 18(85.7%) | 0.73 |
Depth of wound - no.(%): deep | 7(20%) | 6(28.6%) | 9(42.9%) | 0.186 |
Limb - no.(%): right*** | 12/18(66.7%) | 10/18(55.6%) | 12/21(57.1%) | 0.76 |
Part of foot affected - no.(%): anterior sole | 12(34.3%) | 9(42.9%) | 16(76.2%) | 0.008 |
Activity at time of puncture! - no.(%): nothing special | 13(37.1%) | 15(71.4%) | 10(47.6%) | 0.045 |
Footwear at time of puncture - no.(%): slippers only | 26(74.3%) | 16(76.2%) | 17(81%) | 0.848 |
Puncture not felt - no.(%) | 2(5.7%) | 5(23.8%) | 10(47.6%) | 0.001 |
Home remedy? - no.(%): yes | 33(94.3%) | 13(61.9%) | 13(61.9%) | 0.004 |
Type home remedy!! - no.(%): disinfectant | 12/33(36.4%) | 7/13(53.9%) | 3/13(23.1%) | 0.265 |
Unprescribed oral antibiotic? - no.(%): yes | 0 | 1(4.8%) | 0 | 0.236 |
Compliant with diabetes Rx at time of puncture - no.(%): yes | 34(97.1%) | 21(100%) | 18(85.7%) | 0.08 |
Smoking status at time of puncture - no.(%): current | 0 | 0 | 1(4.8%) | 0.259 |
Time from puncture to doctor's visit - days (%): less than 3 | Â | 19(90.5) | 12(57.1%) | 0.014 |